The government’s landmark amendments to the Tobacco Control Act, introducing a generational ban on tobacco use, came into effect on 1 November. The measures reflect President Dr Mohamed Muizzu’s broader vision to cultivate a “competent, morally upright, and diligent citizenry.” The same legislative package also enforces a nationwide prohibition on electronic cigarettes and vaping products.
The legislation, first proposed on 29 April, prohibits tobacco use by individuals born on or after 1 January 2007. It also restricts sales: vendors may not sell tobacco products to anyone under the age of 21, nor to those born after the generational cut-off. The finalisation of the ban followed a public consultation process, including a social media poll conducted to gauge national sentiment.
In addition to conventional tobacco, the reforms address the growing prevalence of non-traditional nicotine products. Electronic cigarettes and vaping devices, along with any associated items, are now banned from use, possession, importation, and manufacture. Health and social policy experts anticipate that curbing the use of such devices, which have become “common and ingrained” in Maldivian society, will support the president’s national development agenda.
To enforce these restrictions, the Maldives Customs Service and the Maldives Police Service have been granted expanded powers. Authorities may seize electronic cigarettes and vaping products found in the possession of individuals or imported into the country. The importation of machinery specifically designed for the production of tobacco products is also prohibited.
Retailers are subject to new regulatory obligations under the revised law. Tobacco products may only be sold from registered premises holding a valid licence. Online sales and vending machine transactions are expressly forbidden, a measure intended to ensure that sellers can verify the identity and age of purchasers.
Verification protocols have also been strengthened. Vendors must request official identification from any customer whose age cannot be immediately confirmed. No tobacco product may be sold without the presentation of a valid identity card or equivalent documentation. Licensed vendors are also required to display prominent signage warning that the sale of tobacco products to prohibited individuals constitutes a legal offence.
The initiative drew commendation from international health authorities. The World Health Organization (WHO) described the legislation as a “courageous and important step” in tobacco control, noting that the Maldives is the first country in Southeast Asia to implement such a comprehensive generational ban. Domestically, the reforms have been met with widespread public support.